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Meeting ID: 977 4691 6225    
Passcode: 080489

In fracture healing, regeneration is a reiteration of embryonic bone development; however, healing fails in 5-10% of all cases, resulting in a defect. While animal models of these defects are available, they are not always representative of what is seen clinically. Atrophic nonunions are particularly difficult to model due to their poorly understood biology. Femur fractures were created in transgenic mice to assess healing and the potential to develop a new model of atrophic nonunion. Upon establishing a model, tissue engineered scaffolds offer off-the-shelf alternative treatment methods for bone defects. Unique cryogel scaffolds possess a macroporous, sponge-like, and mechanically durable structure. Additives to optimize mineralization and anti-bacterial properties can be incorporated to improve regeneration. Finally, the integration of computed tomography, 3D-printed site-specific molds, and cryogel fabrication can generate patient-specific treatments. These animal models and scaffolds have a number of applications in bone regeneration for both orthopedic and oral/maxillofacial surgery.